is a , and the hand has to be closed. You hold one of every terminal and every honor, plus a second copy of any one of those tiles.
Players call it kokushi musou (国士無双). The English name on this site is Thirteen Orphans. The search name is 13 orphans.
What the hand is
The thirteen kinds are the 1 and 9 of each suit, and the seven honors: the four winds and the three dragons.
This is on every one of them. Any of those tiles completes the hand, and the tile you win on becomes the pair.
A one-tile wait already has its pair. Here the pair is East, and the missing kind is green. Only wins.
Both pictures are 13 tiles, so both are tenpai. The fourteenth tile is the win.
Closed only
, , and an take the hand apart. There is no open for it. The glossary entry says the same thing: one of each terminal and honor, plus one duplicate as the head.
The European Mahjong Association's Rules for Japanese Mahjong (2016) describe it the same way, and add one exception. Thirteen orphans is the hand that can rob a concealed kong. The tile an opponent adds for a closed can be your winning tile, and that win counts as a .
The 13-sided wait
The first picture is a 13-sided wait, kokushi musou juusanmen . You are tenpai on all thirteen kinds.
Mahjong Soul scores that wait as a double yakuman. A one-tile wait stays a single yakuman. does the same. The wait table on this site files the 13-sided wait under double yakuman waits. The table's source is Path of Houou, built from Tenhou Houou logs. That is a classification of the wait, not a count of how often the hand appears.
The EMA 2016 rules pay one yakuman either way. The hand counts whether you are waiting on one tile or thirteen. Read the rule card at your table before you call the 13-sided wait a double.
What it pays
These are the payments from the score table on this site, with no and no sticks.
One yakuman:
- ron: 32,000
- Dealer ron: 48,000
- Non-dealer tsumo: 8,000 from each other non-dealer, and 16,000 from the dealer
- Dealer tsumo: 16,000 from each player
A double yakuman doubles each of those. The ron becomes 64,000 or 96,000.
does not add han to a named yakuman. You can declare riichi on a closed tenpai, and you still put out the 1,000-point stick. The stick does not turn one yakuman into two. A second named yakuman does. Yakuman covers how the limit stacks, and how 13 han counts up to the same payment.
Check a thirteen orphans hand
The hand analyzer reports thirteen-orphans shanten next to a normal hand and seven pairs. Type the tiles and see how far the shape is.
Open the hand analyzer